18 STAGES OF CIVIL SUITS AS PER CIVIL PROCEDURE CODE,1908.

 1. Filing of the Complaint: The first step in a civil suit is the filing of the complaint by the plaintiff, also known as the petitioner. The complaint must be filed in the appropriate court and must contain all the necessary details of the case, including the cause of action and the relief sought.

2. Service of Summons: After the complaint is filed, the court issues summons to the defendant, also known as the respondent. The summons must be served on the defendant within a specified period of time, usually within 30 days from the date of filing the complaint.

 

3. Appearance of Defendant: The defendant must appear before the court within the time specified in the summons. If the defendant fails to appear, the court may proceed ex parte (without the defendant being present).

4. Filing of Written Statement: The defendant must file a written statement in the court, detailing their defense in the case.

 

5. Discovery: This stage involves the exchange of information and documents between the parties. The plaintiff and defendant can ask each other questions and request documents related to the case.

6. Framing of Issues: After the discovery stage, the court frames the issues that need to be decided in the case.

7. Examination of Witnesses: Both parties can examine their own witnesses and cross-examine the other party's witnesses.

8. Production of Evidence: Both parties can produce evidence to support their case, including documents, expert witness testimony, and other forms of evidence.

 

9. Arguments: After the evidence is produced, both parties can argue their case before the court.

10. Judgment: The court will then decide the case and give its judgment.

 

11. Appeal: If either party is not satisfied with the judgment, they can file an appeal in a higher court.

12. Filing of Appeal: The party filing the appeal must file it within the time specified by the court.

13. Service of Notice: The court issues a notice of appeal to the other party, who must appear in the higher court.

14. Evidence and Arguments: The higher court will hear the evidence and arguments of both parties.

15. Judgment: The higher court will give its judgment on the appeal.

16. Second Appeal: If either party is not satisfied with the judgment of the higher court, they can file a second appeal in the highest court.

17. Judgment of Higher Court: The highest court will give its final judgment on the case.

18. Execution of Judgment: After the final judgment, the court will issue an order for the execution of the judgment, which must be carried out by the parties involved.

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